Vapor extractor



G. A. BRONDER VAPOR EXTRACTOR Filed Aug. 13.

1921 4 Sheets-Sheet l awuemtoz @c&. 21 1924. 1512.743

G. A. BRONDER VAPOR EXTRACTOR Filed Aug. 13. 1921 4 Sheets-Sheet 2abbomeg/ Get. 21 1924.

G. A. BRONDER VAPOR EXTRACTOR Filed Aug. 13. 1921 4 SheetsSheet 3 00 0000 0Q 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 0O 0O 00 00 O0 00 0O 00 O0 O0 00 00 GASTON A.BBONDER, OF BROOKLYN, NEW YORK; LUCIA B. BRONDER ADMINISTRA- TRIX OFSAID GASTON A. REMINDER, DECEASED.

VAPOR EXTRACTOR.

Application filed August 13, 1921.

To all whom it may concern.

Be it known that I, GASTON ALBRONDER, citizen of the United States, andresident of the borough of Brooklyn, city of New York,

in the county of Kings and State of New York, have invented certain newand useful Improvements in a Vapor Extractor, of which the following isa specification.

This invention relates to improvements in a vapor extractor. Its objectis to produce a vapor extractor by means of which powdered or granulatedmaterial may be treated to extract the volatile ingredients thereof.With this invention material can be heated the particles of which aretoo small to be treated in the vapor extractors heretofore used. Aspecific use of the vapor extractor is to vaporize powdered shale forproducing oil upon condensation of the 29 vapor.

The organization of the vapor extractor comprises among its novelfeatures a retort with a vaporizing chamber and a heating chamber. Meansare provided to heat all 25 the particles of the material treated in thevaporizing chamber without any loss of said particles. Means are alsoprovided to use the product of combustion that heat and vaporize theparticles to preheat them.

Means are provided to gradually heat the material treated and toincrease the volume of heat during the treatment of the material.

The accompanying drawings exemplify one form of the improved vaporextractor of which Fig. 1 represents a side elevation;

Fig. 2 shows a section of Fig. 1 on the line 2, 2; Fig. 3 shows a topplan View of Fig.

1; Fig. 4 indicates a section of Fig. 3 on the line 4, 4; Fig. 5 shows asection of Fig. 4

on the line 5, 5; Fig. 6 represents a section of Fig. 4 on the line 6,6; Fig. 7 is a section of Fig. 4 on the line 7, 7; Fig. 8 represents anenlarged fragmentary top plan view of the conveyer of the extractor;Fig. 9 shows 45 a side view of the conveyor of the extractor;

Fig. 10 represents a section of Fig. 8 on the line 10, 10 and Fig. 11 isa section of Fig. 8 on the line 11, 11.

The extractor is represented with a frame,"

comprising the horizontal bottom angle irons from which extend thevertical angle irons 21 to 28 inclusive. A lower cross angle ironconnects the vertical angle irons 21 and 28. A lower cross angle ironconnects the vertical angle irons 22 and 27. A

Serial No. 491,959.

lower cross angle iron 31 connects the vertical angle irons 23 and 26. Alower cross angle iron 32 connects the vertical angle irons 24 and 25.connects the upper ends of the vertical angle irons 27 and 28. At one ofthe outer ends of the cross angle irons 29 and 30 are respectivelyfastened the vertical angle irons 36 and 37. To the upper ends of thevertical irons 36 and 37 is fastened the outer upper longitudinal angleiron 38. To the upper ends of the vertical angle irons 21 and 22 isfastened the upper longitudinal angle iron 39. An upper cross angle iron40 connects the angle irons 38 and 39. An upper cross angle iron 41 isfastened to the vertical angle irons 22, 27 and 37. A longitudinal angleiron 42 connects the angle irons 25 and 26. A longitudinal angle iron 43connects the vertical angle irons 23 and 24. An upper cross angle iron44 connects the vertical angle irons 24 and 25 and an upper cross angleiron 45 connects the vertical angle irons 23 and 26. An intermediatelongitudinal angle iron 46 connects the vertical angle irons 25, 26, 27and 28 and an intermediate longitudinal angle iron 47 connects thevertical angle irons 21, 22, 23 and 24. A cross angle iron 50 and across angle iron 51 connect the vertical angle irons 23 and 26. A crossangle iron 52 and a cross angle iron 53 connect the vertical angle irons22 and 27.

A vapor extractor retort designated in its entirety by the letter A issupported upon and fastened to the cross angle irons 50 and 52. A vaporextractor retort like A is designated in its entirety by the letter Band is supported upon and fastened to the cross angle irons 51 and 53.

The retort A is box shaped and comprises the U shaped upper member withthe flanges 61. The member 60 is connected at'its ends tothe similar endheads 62 and 63. An inlet opening 64 is formed in the head 63 and anoutlet opening 65 is formed in the head 62. A U shaped bottom member 66has formed therewith the flanges 67. End heads 69 and 70 are connectedto the U shaped member 66. A separating plate 71 is located between theflanges 61 and 67, and divides the retort into the vaporizing chamber Aand the heating chamber A. Packing strips 68 preferably of asbestos arelocated between the flanges 61 and the plate 71. Re-

A longitudinal angle iron.

upon and fastened to the centre plate 71 and the angle iron 76, Guideblocks 79 are located upon and fastened to the centre plate 71 and theangle iron 77. An adjusting angle iron is fastened to the head 63 and tothe block 7 9 and an angle iron 81 is fastened to the block 78. To theinner side faces of the head 60 are secured the longitudinal guidestrips 81 and guide strips 8:2. From the roof of the head 60 extendbrackets 83 with the centre guide strips 8 1 on their opposite faces. Aconveyer is designated in its entirety by the letter C and comprises thesimilar members D. Each of the members D comprises the similar crossWalls 85 and 86 which at their middle portions are connected by thelongitudinal Walls 87. End Walls 88 with the hub ends 89 are formed withthe similar cross Walls 85 and 86. The end Walls 88 that are adjacent toeach other are riveted together by means of the rivets 90. The

walls of each of the members D form the similar conveying compartments Dopen at their top, and bottom sides and between the members D are formedthe conveying compartments'l) open at their top and bottom sides. Ineach of the hub ends 89 is pivoted one end of a link 91 by means of thepivots 92. Filling strips 93 are riveted to the links 91. lChe saidlinks 91 with the filling strips 93 and the end Walls 88 constitutemembers of chains for the conveyer C.

1n the vaporizing chamber A are located tour similar oscillating screens95, 96, 97 and 98. Each-screen comprises a practically rectangular framewith the longitudinal members 99, the outer cross members 100 and 101and the inner cross members 102. The adjacent cross members 102 of theframes are connected by the links 105. Each of the cross members ishinged to the head 60 by means of the hinges 106 which latter arefastened to the said head 60. The hinges 106 that support the crossmembers 100 are connected by an angle iron 108 which has formed thereinthe openings 109. A; journal bearing 110 extendsfrom the inner face ofthe head 60 and a journal bearin 111 is supported on the outer face ofsaid head 60. An oscillating shaft 112 is journal-ed in said journalbearings 116 and 111 and has extending therefrom the cylindrical arms-113, which latter engage the openings 109 and by means of theoscillations of the shaft 112 the screens 85, 98 97 and 98 are swungover the conveyer C To the inner face of one 015 the longitudinal wallsof the heating chamber of the retort A is fastened a supporting angleiron 117 and in the opposite longitudinal Wall are iormed'a plurality ofopenings 118. A plurality of box shaped gas heaters 120 to 128 have eachits back end supported on the angle iron 117 and the other end of eachgas heater extends through one of the open ings 118. Each of the heatershas openings 129 in its roof, and at the front end of each is connectedan air adjuster 130 of a Bunmn burner. Gas piping 131 supplies theburners with gas. The heaters are spaced in the heating chamber A sothat the spaces between them gradually decrease from the head 70 to thehead 69 which heads are respectively at the inlet and outlet ends of theretort A. A vapor outlet pipe 132 extends up from the head 60 of thechamber A. A Waste gas outlet conduit 138 extends from the U shapedmember 66 of the heating chamber A An air register 13 1 is slidablyconnected to the bottom wall of the member 66 of the heating chamber AThe vapor extracting retort B as already stated is the same as A, but isreversed in position to A, so that the inlet of the retort B is on thesame end of the retort as the outlet of the retort A, and the outlet ofthe retort B is on the same end of the retort as the inlet of the retortA. A. feeding and preheating hopper 1&0 has connected thereto the angleirons 141 and 142 which latter are connected to the longitudinal angleirons a2 and 13. The waste gas outlet conduit 133 extends to one of thewalls of the hopper 15151 and registers with the conduit 145 thatextends through the hopper and is open at its end opposite to theconduit 133. A feed ing cross conveyor 1L moves over the hopper 140 tofeed it fresh powdered shale or other material operated upon a secondfeeding, and preheating hopper has connected thereto the angle irons 151which latter are fastenedto the longitudinal angle irons 16 and 41-7. AWaste gas outlet conduit 152 extends from the heating chamber B of theretort B and registers with the conduit 158 which latter extends throughthe hopper 150. The latter is open to the atmosphere at its end oppositeto the conduit 152. A feeding cross conveyor F moves over the hopper 150to feed it with fresh powdered shale or other material operated upon. Across Waste shale conveyor G is located below and adjacent to the outletend of the retort A and a cross Waste shale conveyor H is located belowand adjacent to the outlet end of the retort l8.

A pair or journal brackets 155 are supported on the longitudinal angleirons 46 and 4?. A shaft 156 journa -led in the brackets 155 and hasfastened thereto the tour driring sprocket chain wheels 1157. Journalbrackets 160 and 160 extend and 21 and have journaled therein the crossshaft 161. The latter has fastened thereto the four idler sprocket chainWheels 162. A pair of journal brackets 163 are fastened to the verticalangle irons 24 and 25. shaft 164: is journaled in the journal brackets163 and has fastened thereto the four idler sprocket chain wheels 165. Apair of journal brackets 168 are fastened-to the vertical angle irons 21 and 25. A shaft 169 is journaled in said brackets 168 and has fastenedthereto the four idler sprocket chain wheels 170. The chains of the conveyer C contact with the idler sprocket chain wheels 162, 165 and 170and are in contact with and driven by the driving sprocket chain wheelsThe conveyer C moves through both of the retorts A and B upon therespective similar separating plates 71 and 71 thereof and the chains ofthe conveyers are maintained in proper operative position in the retortsby means of the guide strips 81, 82 and 8%.

A spur gear 17 is fastened to the shaft 156 adjacent to one end thereof.Journal brackets 176 are fastened to the angle irons 28 and 36. A shaft177 is journaled in the brackets 176. A pinion 178 is fastened to theshaft 17? and meshes with the spur gear 175. A spur gear 179 isfastened. to the shaft 177. A pair of journal brackets 180 extend fromthe angle irons and 38 and have journaled therein the driving shaft 181.A pinion 182 isfastened to the shaft 181 and meshes with the spur gear119. An eccentric 183 with the rod 181 has its body portion fastened tothe shaft 181. A bell crank with the arms 185 and 186 is fastened to theshaft 112, and the arm 1851s pinned to the eccentric rod 181. The shaft112 similar to 112, of the retort B has fastened thereto the crank 187and a link 188 has one of its ends pinned to the arm 186 and its otherend is pinned to the crank 18?. A driving pulley 190 is fastened to theshaft To use the retorts fresh powdered shale or other material to betreated. is fed into the feeding and preheating hopper 140 by means ofthe cross conveyer E and into the feeding and preheatin hopper 150 bymeans of the cross conveycr The driving pulley 190 is next turned by abelt not shown, by means of which, the driving sprocket chain wheels 15?are turned through the iuterg'iosed gearing. By this means the conveyer{l moved in the direction of the arrow 1 in and through the re 'ort 1 inthe direction of the arrow J and through the retort 33. After both theretorts are charged with the fresh powdered or other inateriah jets offlowing from the openings .129 of the heaters 121? to 1528 or bcthrel'orts it and id are lit by applying a light through the openings ofthe air register 134. The shale in the vaporizing chamber A of theretort A and the vaporizing chamber B of the retort B is heated and thevapors generated escape through the vapor outlet pipe 132 and 132" andare conducted to a condenser or condensers not shown, where thecondensable portions of the vapor are liquefied. producing oil which isthe primary object of the invention.

The conveyer C as it moves through the vaporizing chambers A and B drawsthe powdered shale over the heated separating plates 71 and 71*. In sodoing the material in each of the compartments D and D? is pushed by therear wall of each compartment, and as the skin friction of the parti-'cles in contact with the separating plates 71 and 71 exceeds thefriction of the particles With each other, they rise from the bottomportion of each compartment at its rear end and from a point somewhatdistant from the front wall of each compartment as indicated in Fig. 11,baring the front portion of each compartment. Simultaneously with theflowing of the particles of the shale to form the elongated ridges M,their peaks come into contact with the oscillating screens 95 to 98 ineach retort, and the particles of materialforming the peaks of theridges M drop into the forward empty portions of the compartments intowhich they were originally dumped, and into the forward portion of thenext adjacent compartment to the rear. By this means practically each ofthe particles of the shale in the compartments is brought into contactwith the heated separating plate 7 1 and 71 constituting an automaticstirring of the particles of shale. The screens 95 to 98 inclusivereceive their oscillations from the arms 113 of the oscillating shafts112 and 112. The latter are oscillated by means of the arm 185 which inturn is oscillated by the eccentric rod 184.. The latter receives itsoscillations from the eccentric 183 fastened to the driving shaft 181.The shale that has been heated in the retorts A and B to produce oil, isdumped respectively on the cross conveyors G and H and disposed of.While the fresh pmvdcred shale is being heated in the vaporizingchambers 11 and B of the relorts, the product of combustion of the gasheaters 120 to 128 of each retort flow through the waste gas outletconduits 133 and 152 through the feeding and preheating hoppers 1&0 and150 and thereby preheat the shale in said hoppers.

Having described my invention What I desire to secure by Letters Patentand claim 15;

1. In a vapor extractor the combination of a conveyer ha ingcompartments open at their top bcttom sides for a material to beconveyed, a plate forming a support for the conveyer and itscompartments, means to move the conveyer over said plate with thematerial in said compartments, the movements of the conveyer formingridges in the material that project above the walls of the compartmentsand means to remove the peaks of the ridges and thereby distribute thematerial composing the ridges into the bottom portion of the conveyer.

2. In a vapor extractor the combination of a retort, a separating platein the retort dividing it into a vaporizing chamber and a heatingchamber, an outlet for the vaporizing chamber, heating means in theheating chamber, a conveyer containing compartments open at their topand bottom sides moving through the vaporizing chamber upon saidseparating plate, an oscillating element in the vaporizing chamberswinging in close proximity to the top face of the conveyer, ahopperadjacent to the retort with its outlet in the path or" the oonveyer andmeans to conduct the products of combustion of the heating means throughsaid hopper.

3. In a vapor extractor the combination of a retort, a separating platein the retort dividing it into a vaporizing chamber and a heatingchamber, a vapor outlet for the vaporizing chamber, a pluralityotheating means in the heating chamber spaced one from the other fromthe inlet end to the outlet end thereof, the spaces between the heatingmeans decreasing from the inlet end to the outlet end of the heatingchamber, a conveyer containing compartments open at their top and bottomsides moving in and through the vaporizing chamher through openings inits end walls and bearing upon the separating plate, a screen inthe=vaporizing chamber swinging over and in close proximity to the topface of the conveyer, a feeding and preheating hopper outside of andadjacent to the retort with its outlet adapted to feed the chambers ofthe conveyerwith the material operated upon and a conduit leading fromthe heating chamber and extending through said hopper.

4. In a vapor extractor the combination of a retort, a separating platein the retort dividing it into a vaporizing chamber and a heatingchamber, a vapor outlet for the vaporizing chamber, heating means in theheating chamber, a register "for the heating chamber, a conveyercontaining compartmerit-s open at their top and bottom sides moving inand through the vaporizing chamber and bearing upon the separating late,screens in the vaporizing chamer swinging over and in close proximity tothe top face of the conveyer, a feeding and preheating hopper outside ofand adjacent to the retort to feed material operated upon into thechambers of the conveyer, and a conduit leading from the heating chamberthrough the hopper to carry away the products of combustion from theheatlng chamber and heat the material in the preheating hopper.

5. In a vapor extractor the combination of a retort with an opening inits inlet end and an opening in its outlet end, a separating plate in te retort dividing it into a vaporizing chamber and a heating chamber, avapor outlet for the vaporizing chamber, heating means in the heatinchamber, means to permit air to enter t e heating chamber, a conveyerextending through the vaporizing chamber bearing upon the Separatingplate and having a chain formed therewith and containing compartmentsopen at their top and bottom sides, sprocket chain wheels outside of theretort engaging the conveyer, driv ing means for some of the sprocketchain wheels, screens in the vaporizing chamber simultaneously swingingwith the movements of the conveyer over and in close proximity to thetop face of the chambers of the conveyer, a feeding and preheatinghopcper outside of and adjacent to the inlet en of the retort with itsoutlet end over the path of the chambers of the conveyer, a conduitleading from the heating chamber through the hopper, a conveyor over thehopper to charge it with the material operated upon and a conveyer atthe outlet end of the retort toocarry away the material after havingbeen treated therein.

6. In a vapor extractor the combination of a retort, a separating platein the retort dividing it into a vaporizing chamber and a heatingchamber, means in the heating chamber to heat the separating plate, aconveyer having formed therewith chambers open at their top and. bottomsides moving through the vaporizing chamber and hearing upon the saidseparating plate, the movements of the conveyer se arating the particlesof material operate "from said separating plate at the front portion ofeach chamber of the conveyer and piling up said portion to form thefront wall of a ridge, the rear wall of each chamber of the conveyerpiling up the material to form the back portion of the ridge, and meansto level ed the peaks of the ridges to force the particles of materialon to the bared portions of the separating plate to thereby heat all theparticles oi the material operated separatiniplate thereof means in eachheating chain r to heat the separating plate and thereby the materialtreated, a feeding and preheatin hopper at the inlet end 0 each retortan means to conduct the prod nets of combustion from each heatingchamber to its feeding and preheating hopper,

8. In a vapor extractor the combination of a pair of retorts, each witha separating plate dividing each retort into a vaporizing chamber with avapor outlet and a heating chamber with an 8.11 inlet, a conveyer havingcompartments formed therewith open at their top and bottom sides movingthrough each vaporizlng chamber and bearing on the separating platethereof, means in each heating chamber to gradually heat the separatingplate and thereby the material treated, the volume of heat graduallyincreasing in each retort from its inlet to its outlet end, the saidmaterial formed into ridges by the movements of the conveyer, and meansto level off the peaks of said ridges and thereby force the particlesthereof Into the compartments.

Signed at the borough of Manhattan, city of New York in the county ofNew York and State of New York this 28th day of July, A. D. 1921.

GASTON BRONDER.

